The rapid pace of scientific progress, which brought about amazing achievements in human knowledge and industrial innovations, gave rise to new professions and skills, fundamentally transforming the public education system. For this reason, efforts have been made since the last decades of the 19th century to link education further with real life. In Iran, with the establishment of the Academy of Arts and Sciences and then the establishment of the Ministry of Science in 1272 AH, which can be considered a period of transition from traditional education to new education, the establishment of new schools accelerated. Following the Esfand coup of 1299 AH, in addition to preparing and compiling an educational program for schools, the need to prepare and train teachers who could handle the education of students became apparent. Therefore, considering the new principles of education, a school called the Central Teachers' College was founded under the leadership of Abolhassan Foroughi, whose curriculum was the same as the secondary education curriculum. At the same time, other subjects specific to teacher training were taught. After that, in 1307, the Higher Teachers' College was established, and in 1311, it was renamed the Higher Teachers' College and finally became the Teacher Training University. This article attempts to examine the educational transformation process of this institution, taking into account the existing documents, including annual reports and library resources from the Higher Teachers' College and the Higher Teachers' College, and the ups and downs resulting from its developments.